Appendix A

The Trial Record

The Documents Behind Chapter 3, Listed, Described, and Linked

How to Read This Record

This appendix puts every document behind Chapter 3 on the table. Each article is named, described briefly, and linked so you can read it yourself. After the list, I have set the key dates into a timeline. Nothing in these pages argues anything. The argument, such as it is, lives in the chapter. This is just the evidence.

The file holds forty-eight newspaper articles from twenty-nine papers, running from May 1936 through July 1937, with three more from 1987.1 All of them came out of a commercial newspaper archive. Every one is dated and carries a page number. If you want to pull the same page from a different archive and check my reading, the information is right there.

But before you start working through forty-eight old clippings, it helps to know a few things about how newspapers operated in 1936.

First, most of these articles are not independent reporting. Two wire services covered the arrest, and a third covered the sentencing. Their copy ran in papers all over the country. When the same sentence shows up in a Wisconsin daily and a Texas morning edition, that is not two witnesses. It is one story in two printings. I have marked the wire service wherever I could tell which one it was.

Second, the headlines. In 1937, headlines existed to sell papers on a street corner. The headline writer often had not read the full story. Several papers in this file gave Dake a nickname their own reporters never used. Read the body of the article, not the banner above it.

Third, small mistakes happen. Ages shift by a year or two. Dates drift by a day. Middle initials appear and disappear. That is not dishonesty. It is a rewrite man working fast with a telephone in one ear. The right response is not to throw out the article. It is to compare copies and say plainly when they do not agree. I have done that in a table below.2

What old newspapers do well, though, is the hard skeleton of a story: dates, places, court actions, names of judges and attorneys, words spoken in the room. Those are what Chapter 3 leans on, and they hold steady across the entire file.

Plain Words: Six Terms You Will Meet in This File

Indicted. A grand jury decided there was enough evidence to bring a person to trial. It is not a finding of guilt.

Waived hearing. He gave up his right to a preliminary hearing. That speeds the case along. It is not an admission.

Removal. A federal defendant arrested in one district is moved to the district where he was charged. He was arrested near Chicago and charged in Milwaukee.

Bond. Money put up so a defendant can go free until trial. His was set at two thousand dollars.

Pleaded guilty. He admitted the offense charged. That does not mean he admitted every claim the prosecutor made afterward.

House of correction. A county jail for shorter sentences. It is not a state prison or a federal penitentiary. Several papers in this file get the distinction wrong.

One rule runs through this whole appendix. It is the same rule that runs through the chapter. A sixteen-year-old girl was involved in this case. Her hometown paper chose not to print her name in 1936, and I follow that paper's lead. Her name does appear in most of the articles linked below, so I am not hiding anything from anyone who follows the links. I simply do not print it here.3

The Documents

The list below runs in date order, grouped into five stages. Each paper's name links to the article on this site. Where a headline was too damaged to read clearly in the clipping, I have said so in brackets rather than guessing.4

1. The Indictment and the Arrest: May and June 1936

PaperDate and pageHeadline as printedWhat the article shows
Chicago Tribune
Chicago, Ill.
May 27, 1936
p. 1
Zion Minister Jailed by U.S. on Mann ActThe fullest account of the arrest. It gives the home address, the exchange with the commissioner, and the wife's statement.
Kenosha News
Kenosha, Wis.
May 27, 1936
p. 1
Accuse Pastor of Zion Church in Moral CodeThe hometown paper of the young woman. It is the only paper in this file that withheld her name, and it explains why.
Kenosha News
Kenosha, Wis.
May 27, 1936
p. 12
[jump headline; continuation of the page 1 story]The continuation page of the article above. The clipping is mostly illegible.
Baraboo News Republic
Baraboo, Wis.
May 27, 1936
p. 1
Zion Pastor Faces Charges on Mann ActA clean printing of the United Press story. It carries the hotel registrations and the letter to the girl's father.
Beaver Dam Daily Citizen
Beaver Dam, Wis.
May 27, 1936
p. 5
Clergyman Is Charged With Violating Mann Act; Hearing Is WaivedThe same United Press story, printed alongside unrelated tax news in the same column.
Belleville Daily Advocate
Belleville, Ill.
May 27, 1936
p. 3
Minister Held for Violation of Federal ActThe Associated Press story. It names both defense attorneys and reports the prosecutor's account of Dake's stated motive.
The Belleville News-Democrat
Belleville, Ill.
May 27, 1936
p. 2
Minister Held, Girl Sought in Mann Act CaseAnother printing of the United Press story, useful for checking words that are broken in other copies.
Dixon Evening Telegraph
Dixon, Ill.
May 27, 1936
p. 2
Zion Minister Faces Mann Act Charges TodayA short notice with the bond amount in its subheadline. The body text is largely illegible in this clipping.
Lincoln Journal Star
Lincoln, Neb.
May 27, 1936
p. 2
Minister Faces HearingA condensed Associated Press item. It is the only article in the file that describes the church at Zion as Pentecostal.
The Oshkosh Northwestern
Oshkosh, Wis.
May 27, 1936
p. 5
Clergyman Held for Violation of the Mann ActThe single most useful page in the 1936 file. It prints the Associated Press and United Press versions one above the other.
Chicago Tribune
Chicago, Ill.
May 28, 1936
p. 17
Zion Minister Fails to Post Mann Act BailThe only article that quotes the charging language read in open court. It also carries the admission of the trip.
The Baltimore Sun
Baltimore, Md.
May 28, 1936
p. 21
Clergyman Is Accused of Violating Mann ActA short Associated Press notice. It shows how far the story traveled in two days.
The Des Moines Register
Des Moines, Iowa
May 28, 1936
p. 22
Lacks $2,000, Pastor JailedAn Associated Press item with a photograph. It records that he offered real estate for the bond and was refused.
The Journal Times
Racine, Wis.
May 28, 1936
p. 7
Pastor Fails to Get BondAn Associated Press story with a wire photograph taken minutes before the arraignment.
The Owensboro Messenger
Owensboro, Ky.
May 28, 1936
p. 4
Minister Held on Mann Act ChargeAn Associated Press item. It is the only 1936 article in the file that names the Dakes' daughter.
The South Bend Tribune
South Bend, Ind.
May 28, 1936
p. 5
Pastor Facing TrialA photograph of the hearing with a long caption that repeats the admission of the trip.
Chicago Tribune
Chicago, Ill.
May 29, 1936
p. 1
Pastor Bailed Out; Faithful Sing PraisesThe release on bond, the trial date, the jail meeting with other prisoners, and the message sent to the congregation.
The La Crosse Tribune
La Crosse, Wis.
June 1, 1936
p. 6
Congregation Prays for Rev. Finis DakeHis first appearance before his church after the arrest. One line naming a supporting body is damaged and cannot be read.

2. The Plea, the Sentence, and the Farewell: February 1937

PaperDate and pageHeadline as printedWhat the article shows
Kenosha News
Kenosha, Wis.
February 9, 1937
p. 1
Rev. Dake Gets Six Months in Kenosha CaseThe most careful account of the plea. It separates what he admitted from what the prosecutor alleged, and reports the Sunday service beforehand.
The Kansas City Star
Kansas City, Mo.
February 9, 1937
p. 2
Bible Marathoner to PrisonA brief Associated Press notice of the sentence, filed the same day.
Chicago Tribune
Chicago, Ill.
February 10, 1937
p. 3
Flock Absolves Petting Parson, but Jail WaitsThe fullest account of the sentencing and the vindication service that night. It records his plan to write a Bible commentary in jail.
Chicago Tribune
Chicago, Ill.
February 10, 1937
p. 40
[two photographs with captions]Photographs of the prayer meeting and of the Dakes together, with captions summarizing the sentence.
The Baltimore Sun
Baltimore, Md.
February 10, 1937
p. 6
[headline only partly legible]A short notice of the conviction. Much of this clipping is faded.
The Birmingham News
Birmingham, Ala.
February 10, 1937
p. 7
Wife Will Run Church When Minister Goes to Jail in Morals CaseThe International News Service story, with the attorney's statement to the court.
The Daytona Beach News-Journal
Daytona Beach, Fla.
February 10, 1937
p. 10
Petting Parson Is "Disgusted" With the DevilThe cleanest printing of the International News Service story, including his own words at the vindication service.
The Journal Times
Racine, Wis.
February 10, 1937
p. 3
"Everybody Loves You," His Flock Tells Convicted Zion Minister; Wife, "Sister Dake" to Carry OnA full page of that day's paper. The headline is clear, but the story text is small and hard to read in this clipping.
The Record
Stockton, Calif.
February 10, 1937
p. 4
"Petting Pastor" Going to Jail Finds "Everybody" Loves HimThe same International News Service story on the west coast, useful for checking two disputed words.
The Belleville News-Democrat
Belleville, Ill.
February 11, 1937
p. 1
Kiss, Then JailA photograph and caption. Two separate clippings of this page are in the archive.
The Times
Hammond, Ind.
February 11, 1937
p. 22
Wife's Skirts Shield Petting Parson; Jail His Next HavenThe only article that quotes Mrs. Dake refusing further interviews, and the only one that quotes his rival at length.
The Times
Hammond, Ind.
February 11, 1937
p. 24
Wife's Skirts Shield Petting Parson; Jail His Next HavenThe same story in another edition of the same day. The second printing is cleaner and was used for verification.
Beaver Dam Daily Citizen
Beaver Dam, Wis.
February 15, 1937
p. 1
[photograph; caption not legible]A wire photograph. The caption cannot be read in this clipping.
Chicago Tribune
Chicago, Ill.
February 15, 1937
p. 1
Saves 20 on His Way to JailThe farewell service in detail, including the question to the congregation and the tribute to his wife.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
St. Louis, Mo.
February 15, 1937
p. 23
Pastor Tells Flock Goodby to Serve His Term in JailThe Associated Press account of the farewell, with the statement about renewed contact with divine authority.
The Des Moines Register
Des Moines, Iowa
February 15, 1937
p. 1
"I'm Happy"The same Associated Press story, with one added sentence: that he blamed his troubles on the ill will of the devil.
The Waukesha County Freeman
Waukesha, Wis.
February 15, 1937
p. 2
[headline not legible in the clipping]A detailed account of the farewell service and of the rival overseer's remarks the same evening.
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
Fort Worth, Texas
February 16, 1937
p. 1
Pastor, Mann Act Violator, Begins Sentence, After He Converts 20 AdultsA front-page story a thousand miles away. It quotes a follower calling the case a plot of the devil.
The Tipton Daily Tribune
Tipton, Ind.
February 16, 1937
p. 6
"Soul Saving" Draws Jail TermA syndicated photograph feature. It prints a picture of the two of them together.
The News-Review
Roseburg, Ore.
February 18, 1937
p. 8
"Soul Saving" Draws Jail TermThe same syndicated feature two days later in Oregon, with a clearer printing of the caption.

3. In the House of Correction: March 1937

PaperDate and pageHeadline as printedWhat the article shows
Dixon Evening Telegraph
Dixon, Ill.
March 23, 1937
p. 2
Zion Minister in Correction House Model PrisonerThe Associated Press check on his conduct in jail. It reports the work assignment and the theological study.
The Times
Streator, Ill.
March 23, 1937
p. 1
[Zion Minister at] Work in Jail as Shipping ClerkThe cleanest printing of the same Associated Press story. It was used to verify the deputy inspector's name and the quoted sentence.
Belleville Daily Advocate
Belleville, Ill.
March 24, 1937
p. 3
Convicted Minister Is Model PrisonerThe same wire story a day later. The clipping is faded but readable in places.

4. Release and Return: July 1937

PaperDate and pageHeadline as printedWhat the article shows
The Kansas City Star
Kansas City, Mo.
July 16, 1937
p. 20
Minister Out of PrisonThe release. It gives the time served, the month off for good behavior, and his refusal to say whether he would return to Zion.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
St. Louis, Mo.
July 19, 1937
p. 20
Pastor Welcomed by Flock After Serving Term in JailThe Associated Press account of his first Sunday back, noting that he made no direct reference to the sentence.
The Daily Review
Clifton Forge, Va.
July 19, 1937
p. 1
Greeted by Big CrowdsA fuller account of the same service, with the hymn the church played and his opening words.
Iberia Sentinel
Iberia, Mo.
July 22, 1937
p. 1
Preacher, Son of Former Iberian, as "New Elijah"A local paper reprinting a Chicago account of the return, with details found nowhere else in the file.

5. The Obituaries: 1987

PaperDate and pageHeadline as printedWhat the article shows
The Atlanta Journal
Atlanta, Ga.
February 20, 1987
p. 23
Dake [death notice]The death notice for Dorothy Dobbins Dake, five months before her husband's death.
The Atlanta Journal
Atlanta, Ga.
July 8, 1987
p. 61
[death notice; partly legible]The death notice for Finis Dake, listing the funeral arrangements and the surviving family.
The Atlanta Constitution
Atlanta, Ga.
July 11, 1987
p. 57
The Rev. Finis J. Dake Sr., publisher of Dake's Annotated Reference BibleThe full obituary. It gives his birth date and birthplace, the 1963 Bible, his other books, and a company figure for the hours of study behind the work.

Insight: How to Count These Documents

Forty-eight articles can sound like a mountain of evidence. It is not. I would rather say so myself than let the number do work it has not earned. Once you strip out the wire-service reprints, the file holds maybe eight or nine independent accounts. The papers that really matter are the ones that had their own reporters in the room: the Chicago Tribune, the Kenosha News, and the Journal Times in Racine. Everything else is either a reprint or a photograph. The reprints are still useful, though. A word that is smudged or broken in one printing is often clean in another, and that is how several readings in Chapter 3 got settled.

A Timeline from the Documents

Every entry below comes from an article listed above, and each one is footnoted to its source. Where papers give two different dates for the same event, I have printed both. Nothing appears here that the documents do not say.

DateEvent
April 1935The trip charged in the indictment. Most papers give the day as the twenty-third. One Tribune story gives the twenty-first.5
February 1936A federal grand jury at Milwaukee returns the indictment.6
Tuesday, May 26, 1936Department of Justice agents arrest him at his home in Zion, Illinois, shortly before an evening service. His wife takes the service in his place.7
Wednesday, May 27, 1936He is arraigned before United States Commissioner Edwin K. Walker, waives a hearing, and is ordered removed to Milwaukee. Bond is set at two thousand dollars, which he cannot post that day.8
Thursday, May 28, 1936Still unable to post bond, he is returned to the county jail. He tells reporters he made the trip but denies any immorality.9
Thursday, May 28, 1936Bond is posted and he is released. Before leaving, he speaks to twenty-two fellow prisoners. Trial is set for September 14, 1936.10
Sunday, May 31, 1936He appears before his congregation for the first time since the arrest and denies the charge.11
September 14, 1936The date set for trial. No article in this file reports what happened on it.12
Sunday, February 7, 1937A special service at his church, at which he prepares the congregation for the trial.13
Tuesday, February 9, 1937He pleads guilty before Federal Judge F. A. Geiger at Milwaukee and is sentenced to six months in the Milwaukee house of correction.14
Tuesday, February 9, 1937 (evening)About two hundred members hold a prayer meeting and vindication service at Zion. He attends and speaks.15
Sunday, February 14, 1937The farewell service. His wife preaches, he plays the trombone, and twenty people announce their conversion.16
Monday, February 15, 1937He leaves Zion to begin the sentence. One later wire item gives the commitment date as February 16.17
Tuesday, March 23, 1937The Associated Press reports him working as a shipping clerk, keeping to himself, and giving his spare time to theological study.18
Friday, July 16, 1937He is released after five months, with one month off for good behavior.19
Sunday, July 18, 1937He returns to his pulpit at Zion, urges his people to forget the past, and makes no direct reference to the sentence.20
Thursday, February 19, 1987Dorothy Dobbins Dake dies at Lawrenceville, Georgia.21
Tuesday, July 7, 1987Finis Jennings Dake dies at his home in Lawrenceville, Georgia, at the age of eighty-four.22

Where the Papers Disagree

Five details refuse to line up across this file. I could have picked whichever reading looked best and moved on. Instead, I have printed both readings in every case. The reader deserves to see the same mess I saw.

DetailOne readingThe otherNote
His age in 1936Thirty-three, in the United Press copy and the Chicago TribuneThirty-five, in the Associated Press copyHis obituary gives a birth date of October 18, 1902, which makes thirty-three the right number.23
The date of the tripApril 23, 1935, in most papersApril 21, 1935, in one Tribune storyThe twenty-third is the majority reading and shows up in the Tribune's own earlier account.24
The sentencing dateFebruary 9, 1937, in the papers that covered the hearingFebruary 16, 1937, in an Associated Press item five months laterThe later item may be reporting the day he was committed rather than the day of the sentence.25
A phrase at the vindication serviceIf the devil had a tail, in the TribuneIf the devil had a soul, in the wire copyHis rival answered a version about a tail the following day.26
His childrenOne daughter, aged eight, in most 1936 and 1937 reportsTwo children, in one 1937 storyNo article in the file settles this one.27

What Is Not in This Record

A document list is only honest if it says what is missing, too. Five things are not in this file. No claim in Chapter 3 depends on any of them.

There is no court record. No indictment, no plea transcript, no judgment and commitment order, no docket sheet. Everything the chapter says about the courtroom comes from reporters who were sitting in it. If the federal case file from the Eastern District of Wisconsin is ever located and released, it belongs in this appendix. It would probably settle at least two of the conflicts listed above.

There is no record of what his denomination did. Whether any credential was suspended, surrendered, or restored, these newspapers do not say. One article from June 1936 seems to mention a body that was standing behind him, but the line naming it is damaged on the page. I will not build anything on a word I cannot read.28

There is nothing from the young woman herself. She is quoted twice at second hand, once in a letter to her father and once in an investigator's summary. She never speaks in her own voice anywhere in this file. I have not tried to supply one for her.

There is nothing between June 1936 and February 1937. The trial was set for September and was disposed of in February. No article in this file explains what happened in between.

There is nothing at all between 1937 and 1987. Whatever the next fifty years held, this file says nothing about them. What those years produced is the subject of the rest of this book.

Key Point: What These Documents Establish Together

A federal grand jury indicted him in February 1936. Agents arrested him in May. He pleaded guilty in February 1937 to violating the Mann Act. He was sentenced to six months, served five, and returned to his pulpit in July. Throughout, he admitted the interstate trip and denied any immorality. His wife and his congregation stood by him publicly and repeatedly. Not one article in this file contradicts any part of that account. The disagreements listed above touch none of it.

The Boundaries

I want to restate two limits here, because this is the kind of page that can be pulled out of context. I do not want anyone taking this list and using it for something it will not support.

The first limit. Nothing in these forty-eight documents tells you whether a single note in the Dake Bible is true or false. Not one line. Doctrine is weighed against Scripture. That work is done in Chapter 6 through Chapter 19, from Dake's own pages. If you ever hear someone say that his teaching is wrong because of 1937, that is a fallacy. This book does not make that argument.

The second limit runs the other way. A large body of published work is not a character reference. A study Bible is not evidence about a man's life. If the first argument is bad logic, so is its mirror.

So why publish the list at all? Because a record answers a claim, and a claim was made. Many readers were handed a picture of an unfaltering man of God along with the notes. They were invited to trust the notes partly because of the man. Once someone offers a life as a reason to believe a teaching, the life becomes evidence. And evidence has to be whole. That is all this appendix does.

If you have a document that belongs here, you are invited to send it. That includes a cleaner scan of any clipping I have described as damaged. Corrections are welcome and will be made in the open.

Chapter 3 tells the story these documents contain.

Notes

1. Forty-eight distinct articles are held across sixty-seven archived image files; several articles are archived in duplicate copies, and one page of the Belleville News-Democrat of February 11, 1937, is archived as two separate clippings. Counts and identifications in this appendix were made from the archive's own page headers, which record paper, city, date, and page for each file.

2. See "Where the Papers Disagree," below, and notes 23 through 27.

3. "Accuse Pastor of Zion Church in Moral Code," Kenosha News, May 27, 1936, 1: "The girl's name is withheld from publication under a state law, with which this newspaper is entirely in accord." The Wisconsin statute in view protected the identity of juveniles in delinquency proceedings. The decision to follow that paper's practice in this book is editorial and is explained in Chapter 3.

4. Filenames in the links follow the naming of the source archive. Readers who prefer to verify independently should use the paper, date, and page given in each row, which will retrieve the same page from any newspaper archive without reference to this site.

5. April 23, 1935: Chicago Tribune, May 27, 1936, 1; Baraboo News Republic, May 27, 1936, 1; Belleville News-Democrat, May 27, 1936, 2; South Bend Tribune, May 28, 1936, 5. April 21, 1935: Chicago Tribune, May 28, 1936, 17.

6. Chicago Tribune, May 27, 1936, 1, and May 28, 1936, 17; Lincoln Journal Star, May 27, 1936, 2. The month is given as February in each; no article in the file gives the day.

7. Chicago Tribune, May 27, 1936, 1, giving the address as 620 Shiloh Boulevard; Kenosha News, May 27, 1936, 1; Baraboo News Republic, May 27, 1936, 1; Beaver Dam Daily Citizen, May 27, 1936, 5.

8. Belleville Daily Advocate, May 27, 1936, 3; Oshkosh Northwestern, May 27, 1936, 5; Baltimore Sun, May 28, 1936, 21; Lincoln Journal Star, May 27, 1936, 2. The Oshkosh Northwestern and the Belleville Daily Advocate name the defense attorneys as Louis J. Portner of St. Louis and B. Krohn of Chicago.

9. Chicago Tribune, May 28, 1936, 17; Des Moines Register, May 28, 1936, 22; Journal Times (Racine), May 28, 1936, 7; South Bend Tribune, May 28, 1936, 5.

10. "Pastor Bailed Out; Faithful Sing Praises," Chicago Tribune, May 29, 1936, 1. The story is datelined the previous day, so the release is placed on May 28. It also reports that photographers and reporters were barred from the jail meeting at his own request, and that the board of deacons adopted a resolution declaring belief in his innocence.

11. "Congregation Prays for Rev. Finis Dake" (AP), La Crosse Tribune, June 1, 1936, 6, reporting an appearance on Sunday. The paper puts the number of members praying at two hundred.

12. Chicago Tribune, May 29, 1936, 1, for the September 14 date. The next dated item in the file is the Kenosha News of February 9, 1937.

13. "Rev. Dake Gets Six Months in Kenosha Case," Kenosha News, February 9, 1937, 1, reporting special services the preceding Sunday and a trial scheduled to begin Monday. February 7 was the Sunday before the plea.

14. Kenosha News, February 9, 1937, 1; "Flock Absolves Petting Parson, but Jail Waits," Chicago Tribune, February 10, 1937, 3; "Bible Marathoner to Prison" (AP), Kansas City Star, February 9, 1937, 2.

15. Chicago Tribune, February 10, 1937, 3, which gives the attendance as two hundred and reports that a stay of execution had been allowed until the following Monday. Photographs of the meeting ran in the same issue at page 40.

16. "Saves 20 on His Way to Jail," Chicago Tribune, February 15, 1937, 1; Waukesha County Freeman, February 15, 1937, 2; Fort Worth Star-Telegram, February 16, 1937, 1. All three report the trombone, the sermon by Mrs. Dake, and the twenty conversions.

17. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, February 15, 1937, 23; Des Moines Register, February 15, 1937, 1; Fort Worth Star-Telegram, February 16, 1937, 1 (dateline Zion, February 15). For the February 16 reading, see "Minister Out of Prison" (AP), Kansas City Star, July 16, 1937, 20.

18. "Zion Minister in Correction House Model Prisoner" (AP), Dixon Evening Telegraph, March 23, 1937, 2; the same wire story in The Times (Streator, Ill.), March 23, 1937, 1, and "Convicted Minister Is Model Prisoner," Belleville Daily Advocate, March 24, 1937, 3. The deputy inspector is named John Drewniak.

19. "Minister Out of Prison" (AP), Kansas City Star, July 16, 1937, 20.

20. "Pastor Welcomed by Flock After Serving Term in Jail" (AP), St. Louis Post-Dispatch, July 19, 1937, 20; "Greeted by Big Crowds," The Daily Review (Clifton Forge, Va.), July 19, 1937, 1; "Preacher, Son of Former Iberian, as 'New Elijah'," Iberia Sentinel, July 22, 1937, 1, reprinting a Chicago Herald and Examiner account. Both July 19 stories are datelined the previous day.

21. Death notice for Mrs. Dorothy (Dobbins) Dake, Atlanta Journal, February 20, 1987, 23, giving the death as February 19, 1987, and her age as 83. The Atlanta Constitution obituary of July 11, 1987, gives her age at death as 84.

22. "The Rev. Finis J. Dake Sr., publisher of Dake's Annotated Reference Bible," Atlanta Constitution, July 11, 1987, 57, giving the death as Tuesday at his home in Lawrenceville and his age as 84. A death notice ran in the Atlanta Journal, July 8, 1987, 61. Neither item mentions the 1937 conviction.

23. Thirty-three: Baraboo News Republic, May 27, 1936, 1; Chicago Tribune, May 28, 1936, 17, and February 10, 1937, 3. Thirty-five: Belleville Daily Advocate, May 27, 1936, 3; Oshkosh Northwestern, May 27, 1936, 5; Baltimore Sun, May 28, 1936, 21; Lincoln Journal Star, May 27, 1936, 2; Journal Times, May 28, 1936, 7. Birth date of October 18, 1902, per Atlanta Constitution, July 11, 1987, 57.

24. See note 5.

25. See notes 14 and 17. The Kansas City Star item of July 16, 1937, reads: "Dake, sentenced to six months February 16, 1937, served only five months, obtaining one month off for good behavior."

26. "Tail": Chicago Tribune, February 10, 1937, 3. "Soul": Daytona Beach News-Journal, February 10, 1937, 10; The Record (Stockton), February 10, 1937, 4; Birmingham News, February 10, 1937, 7. For the rival's reply, see The Times (Hammond, Ind.), February 11, 1937, 22 and 24.

27. One daughter aged eight: Chicago Tribune, May 27, 1936, 1, and May 28, 1936, 17; Owensboro Messenger, May 28, 1936, 4; South Bend Tribune, May 28, 1936, 5; St. Louis Post-Dispatch, July 19, 1937, 20. Two children: Fort Worth Star-Telegram, February 16, 1937, 1.

28. "Congregation Prays for Rev. Finis Dake," La Crosse Tribune, June 1, 1936, 6. The headline and the reference to two hundred praying members are legible; the line naming the body said to be supporting him is damaged. A reading of "Pentecostal council" is possible but is not relied on anywhere in this book. Readers who can supply a cleaner scan of this clipping, or any denominational record, are invited to do so.